Early Detection

Can Melanoma Be Found Early?

Melanoma is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in the United States and the deadliest form of skin cancer. Melanoma can spread quickly to other organs, and it causes the vast majority of skin cancer deaths in the United States. Luckily, melanoma can often be detected in its early and most treatable stages.

The five-year survival rate for people whose melanoma is “thin”—defined as less than one millimeter in thickness—and has not spread to lymph nodes or other distant sites is 99 percent.¹ Once melanoma has spread, the survival rate drops significantly, especially if the melanoma has reached distant parts of the body. That’s why taking steps to prevent melanoma and identify it early are critical.

Recognizing the early warning signs of melanoma can be lifesaving. The most common sign is a new or changing mole or skin lesion. Knowing the ABCDEs of melanoma—Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter larger than a pencil eraser, and Evolving size, shape, or color—can help individuals identify potential melanomas before they become dangerous. Regular self-exams and skin checks with a dermatologist are essential parts of early detection.

Certain individuals are at higher risk for developing melanoma, including those with fair skin, a history of sunburns, numerous or unusual moles, or a family history of skin cancer. These individuals should be especially vigilant about monitoring their skin and seeing a dermatologist regularly for full-body skin exams.

While melanoma is a serious and potentially deadly disease, it is also one of the most treatable cancers when found early. Raising awareness about the importance of early detection—and encouraging people to take action when they notice changes in their skin—can make a significant difference. Early detection saves lives.